Paver calculator

1. Whole pavers
   the pattern laid paver by paver; pavers fully inside the edges
   16' 0" × 12' 0" = 472
2. Cut pieces
   pavers crossing an edge, cut to fit
   56 pieces = 37
3. Pavers
   whole + pavers to cut the pieces from (offcuts reused)
   472 + 37 = 509
4. By area (cross-check)
   area × 144 ÷ ((width + joint) × (length + joint)); the layout is never less
   192.00 SF × 144 ÷ (( 6" + 1/8" ) × ( 9" + 1/8" )) = 495
5. Base
   area × base depth; × 3,300 lb/CY ÷ 2,000
   192.00 SF × 4" = 2.37 CY × 3,300 ÷ 2,000 = 3.91
6. Bedding sand
   area × sand depth; × 2,960 lb/CY ÷ 2,000
   192.00 SF × 1" = 0.59 CY × 2,960 ÷ 2,000 = 0.88

Where the numbers come from

• Laid out paver by paver: The pattern is laid over the length × width (paver length along the length), each paver taking its size + one joint; pavers fully inside are whole, pavers crossing an edge are cut pieces · cut pieces packed onto whole pavers biggest first, offcuts reusedRunning bond: every other row starts with a half; ⅓ offset: rows step a third; stack: joints in line; basketweave: squares of side-by-side pavers turned 90° square to square; herringbone 90° and 45°: 2:1 pavers (4×8, 6×12) in a zigzag. 45° herringbone edge pieces are angle cuts, each from its own paver (offcuts not reused). A good cutting plan, not always the fewest possible, and never fewer than the area count. No allowance for the saw cut (about ⅛"): the joint takes it up. Border courses and curves need more — add waste.
• Base and bedding (ICPI): Base at least 4" (patios, walks), 6" (residential driveways), 8" (parking lots, streets); bedding sand 1" nominalICPI Construction Tolerance Guide. Soft or wet soils, frost and heavy loads need more — follow the design. Weights: crushed stone compacted 3,300 lb/CY and sand loose 2,960 lb/CY (MoDOT, top of range; same as the cubic-yard calculator). Joint sand and edge cuts are extra.Source